Хромосомная организация некоторых семейств повторяющейся ДНК у Allium cepa L. и Allium fistulosum L. тема диссертации и автореферата по ВАК РФ 03.02.07, кандидат биологических наук Будылин, Михаил Вячеславович
Будылин, Михаил Вячеславович
кандидат биологических наук
2012
- Специальность ВАК РФ03.02.07
- Количество страниц 118
Заключение диссертации по теме «Генетика», Будылин, Михаил Вячеславович
ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ
Клонирование, секвенирование и локализация с помощью in situ гибридизации семейств повторяющихся последовательностей ДНК, которые составляют значительную часть генома луковых, позволило лучше понять организацию их геномов, структуру хромосом и сделать следующие обобщения: изученные семейства ретротранспозонов Tyl-copia, ТуЗ-gypsy и LINEs распределены дисперсно по всем хромосомам у А. сера и A. fistulosum, причем отмечена закономерность в интенсивности сигнала и числе сайтов гибридизации характерная для обоих видов - больше всего сигналов давало семейство Tyl -copia, затем ТуЗ -gypsy и наименьшее LINEs, что отражает размер фракции трех изученных семейств ретротранспозонов в геномах обоих видов. Следует отметить особенность локализации Ty3-gypsy на хромосомах A. fistulosum - сигнал отсутствовал в районе ядрышкового организатора и спутника на гомологичных хромосомах 6.
Анализ локализации сайтов метилирования ДНК на хромосомах А. fistulosum с помощью антител к 5-метилцитозину выявил, что всегда были метилированы терминальные области хромосом и были отмечены различия в уровне метилирования гомологичных хромосом. Стабильные сайты метилирования совпадали с местами локализации Cot-1 фракции и субтеломерного повтора, выделенного и изученного ранее [199]. В терминальных областях, занятых субтеломерным повтором, отсутствовали сигналы гибридизации Tyl -copia. Следует отметить, что у луковых не выявлен типичный для многих растений (TTTAGGG)n теломерный повтор, который защищает хромосому от укорачивания при каждом раунде репликации [241]. До сих пор мы не знаем как луковые стабилизируют свои хромосомы.
Выделенная нами Cot-1 фракция A. fistulosum и её физическая локализация на хромосомах А. сера, A. fistulosum и гибридов между А. сера и на A. fistulosum, позволяет сделать вывод, что нам удалось выявить видоспецифичный для A. fistulosum субтеломерный повтор.
87
С помощью in situ гибридизации амликонов, полученных с ISSR праймером [AG]8C и последующим их клонированием и секвенированием был найден А. сера прицентромерный повтор, который мы назвали pCentAl-agc.
Результаты in situ гибридизации изученных семейств повторяющейся ДНК интегрированы в моделях хромосом для А. сера и A. fistulosum (Рисунок 32).
Общий да Allium c\6re.w»q»ejH тада*ный ixurrop ■ pCentAI-agc ■ а Ту!- copia > Ty3-©psy Я
LINB
Исюасстиый гсюмсрный повтор и
Ватосгкцнфичный повтор лт* A. fistulosum к Напассгсшй гсломсраий irorop ■ 6 Ту!-copia ■ ТуЗ-gypsy Ш
LINEs
Прниалромср»ая область |
Общий xa Ailium су€те.томер№й таадсмный iioerop I
Рисунок 32. Модель распределения некоторых семейств некодирующей ДНК на хромосомах А. сера (а) и A. fistulosum (б).Данные по локализации Ту\-copia на хромосомах А. сера взяты из работы Brandes et al. (1997).
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